At the end of 2022, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) added proximity search capabilities to PubMed. With proximity search, users can search for two terms appearing within a specified distance from each other in any order in the [Title] or [Title/Abstract] fields. The format for using proximity searching is “search terms”[Field:~n], where n is the maximum number of words that may appear between the search terms.
In a search that does not take advantage of proximity searching, putting terms in quotations will ensure that the terms appear exactly as written. For example, “addiction treatment”[Title/Abstract] will only retrieve articles that contain the exact phrase “addiction treatment” in the title and/or abstract. However, if you instead search for “addiction treatment”[Title/Abstract:~3], the search will still return results with the exact phrase “addiction treatment,” but also “addiction and treatment,” “treatment for addiction,” “treatment of opioid addiction,” “treatment of substance addiction,” and more! Continue reading